"thanken" meaning in Middle English

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "thank"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "thank"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "tank"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "thank"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:þancian"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*þankaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"factitive verb\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*þankōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*þankōn\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"þancian\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"thanken\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"thanken\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þancian",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þancian",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þancian"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English þancian",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þankōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þankōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þankōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þankōną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "thank",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "infinitival",
        "pos2": "infinitive suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, thank + -en (infinitive suffix)",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "Discussion of forms with ⟨o⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "Discussion of forms with ⟨o⟩",
      "name": "col-top"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English þancian, þoncian, from Proto-West Germanic *þankōn, from Proto-Germanic *þankōną; By surface analysis, thank + -en (infinitive suffix).\nDiscussion of forms with ⟨o⟩\nWhile they are entirely expected in West Midland Middle English, the presence of forms of thanken with ⟨o⟩ in East Saxon, Kentish, and Southern Middle English is puzzling. One explanation is that they represent a relic of the wider Old English distribution of rounding of Germanic */ɑn/, but such rounding was especially characteristic of Anglian rather than East Saxon, Kentish, or West Saxon Old English. Furthermore, the distribution of possible parallel relic forms such as lone (“lane”) and ony (“any”) does not strongly parallel that of thonk-. Jordan and Luick instead attribute such forms to a East Saxon and Kentish development of /nk/ to /nɡ/; if this occurred in late Old English, the resulting /nɡ/ would feed the homorganic lengthening of /ɑː/, which would then regularly develop to /ɔ̝ː/ and thus naturally be written as ⟨o⟩. But this cannot explain the Southern forms, while the relative rarity of spellings with ⟨ng⟩ problematises this putative development. Perhaps the forms with ⟨o⟩ are merely an West Midland form that has become unusually widely diffused.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "thanketh",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanken",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to thanken",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanketh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanken",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankeden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanketh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ythanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thancke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thange",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thank",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þanke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonkian",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonkien",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonkin",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þannkenn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Ormulum"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thonke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þong",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonk",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonken",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonki",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Kent",
        "Southern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonky",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Kent",
        "Southern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanc",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þank",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "thanken",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "thank"
      },
      "expansion": "thanken (third-person singular simple present thanketh, present participle thankende, thankynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle thanked)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "thank"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 20 16 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 22 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 21 16 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 21 16 20 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To express gratitude; to give thanks"
      ],
      "id": "en-thanken-enm-verb-RyMUiPDw",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": ":to<someone/something>/ :of / :for <for something>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with to ‘someone/something’ or of or for ‘for something’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "for ‘for something’"
            ],
            "words": [
              "to",
              "‘someone/something’",
              "of"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "express",
          "express"
        ],
        [
          "gratitude",
          "gratitude"
        ],
        [
          "give",
          "give"
        ],
        [
          "thank",
          "thank"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To express gratitude; to give thanks [with to ‘someone/something’ or of or for ‘for something’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 20 16 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 22 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 21 16 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 21 16 20 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Then I thanked Thought for all of what he told me, / [and said] \"your comments didn't satisfy me; I want to learn / how Do-well, Do-better, and Do-best do among the people.\"",
          "ref": "c. 1378-9, [William Langland], “Paſſ᷒ vııȷ᷒ de visione ⁊ prımus de Dowel”, in [Piers Plowman, A Treatise on Sin] (W, B-text), London, published c. 1400, →OCLC, folio 46, verso; republished as Thorlac Turville-Petre, Hoyt N. Duggan, editors, Cambridge, Trinity College, MS B.15.17 (The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive; 2), SEENET, 2014, →ISBN:",
          "text": "¶ I þonked þoȝt þo. þᵗ he me þus tauȝte / Ac yet ſauoꝛeþ me noȝt þı seying. I coueıte to lerne / How dowel. dobet. and dobeſt. doon among þe peple",
          "translation": "Then I thanked Thought for all of what he told me, / [and said] \"your comments didn't satisfy me; I want to learn / how Do-well, Do-better, and Do-best do among the people.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To thank; to express gratitude to."
      ],
      "id": "en-thanken-enm-verb-W9hspQOP",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": ":of / :for / indirobj<for something>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with of or for or indirect object ‘for something’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "of",
              "for",
              "indirect",
              "object",
              "‘for",
              "something’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thank",
          "thank"
        ],
        [
          "express",
          "express"
        ],
        [
          "gratitude",
          "gratitude"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive or ditransitive) To thank; to express gratitude to. [with of or for or indirect object ‘for something’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ditransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 20 16 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 22 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 21 16 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 21 16 20 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To celebrate or rejoice with."
      ],
      "id": "en-thanken-enm-verb-79OV7cHU",
      "links": [
        [
          "celebrate",
          "celebrate"
        ],
        [
          "rejoice",
          "rejoice"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, uncommon) To celebrate or rejoice with."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive",
        "uncommon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 20 16 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 22 21",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 21 16 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 21 16 20 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hold responsible; to attribute to."
      ],
      "id": "en-thanken-enm-verb-dQOacRK2",
      "links": [
        [
          "hold",
          "hold"
        ],
        [
          "responsible",
          "responsible"
        ],
        [
          "attribute",
          "attribute"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, rare) To hold responsible; to attribute to."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 20 16 24 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 22 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 21 17 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 21 16 21 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 21 16 20 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To laud, commend, or praise."
      ],
      "id": "en-thanken-enm-verb-ODOTZJuI",
      "links": [
        [
          "laud",
          "laud"
        ],
        [
          "commend",
          "commend"
        ],
        [
          "praise",
          "praise"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, rare) To laud, commend, or praise."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθankən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθɔnkən/",
      "note": "East Saxon, West Midland"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈðɔnkən/",
      "note": "Southwest Midland"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈðɔnkiː/",
      "tags": [
        "Kent",
        "Southern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Middle English phonology#Homorganic lengthening"
  ],
  "word": "thanken"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with etymon",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *teng- (think)",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -en (infinitival)",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymon"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "thank"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Scots",
          "lang_code": "sco",
          "word": "thank"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Shetland",
          "lang_code": "scz",
          "word": "tank"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle Scots",
      "lang_code": "gmw-msc",
      "word": "thank"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:þancian"
      },
      "expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*þankaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suf\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"intransitive verbs\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂yéti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"factitive verb\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂ti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*þankōną\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*þankōn\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"þancian\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"thanken\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" }\" data-lang=\"enm\" data-title=\"thanken\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þancian",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þancian",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þancian"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old English þancian",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þankōn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þankōn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þankōną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þankōną",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "thank",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "infinitival",
        "pos2": "infinitive suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, thank + -en (infinitive suffix)",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2",
        "2": "Discussion of forms with ⟨o⟩"
      },
      "expansion": "Discussion of forms with ⟨o⟩",
      "name": "col-top"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English þancian, þoncian, from Proto-West Germanic *þankōn, from Proto-Germanic *þankōną; By surface analysis, thank + -en (infinitive suffix).\nDiscussion of forms with ⟨o⟩\nWhile they are entirely expected in West Midland Middle English, the presence of forms of thanken with ⟨o⟩ in East Saxon, Kentish, and Southern Middle English is puzzling. One explanation is that they represent a relic of the wider Old English distribution of rounding of Germanic */ɑn/, but such rounding was especially characteristic of Anglian rather than East Saxon, Kentish, or West Saxon Old English. Furthermore, the distribution of possible parallel relic forms such as lone (“lane”) and ony (“any”) does not strongly parallel that of thonk-. Jordan and Luick instead attribute such forms to a East Saxon and Kentish development of /nk/ to /nɡ/; if this occurred in late Old English, the resulting /nɡ/ would feed the homorganic lengthening of /ɑː/, which would then regularly develop to /ɔ̝ː/ and thus naturally be written as ⟨o⟩. But this cannot explain the Southern forms, while the relative rarity of spellings with ⟨ng⟩ problematises this putative development. Perhaps the forms with ⟨o⟩ are merely an West Midland form that has become unusually widely diffused.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "thanketh",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankende",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankynge",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-wk",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanken",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to thanken",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanketh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanken",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankeden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanketh",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thankende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ythanked",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thancke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thange",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thank",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þanke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonkian",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonkien",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonkin",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þannkenn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Ormulum"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thonke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þong",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonk",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonke",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonken",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonki",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Kent",
        "Southern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þonky",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "Kent",
        "Southern",
        "especially"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thanc",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "þank",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "thanken",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "stem": "thank"
      },
      "expansion": "thanken (third-person singular simple present thanketh, present participle thankende, thankynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle thanked)",
      "name": "enm-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "thank"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-wk"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To express gratitude; to give thanks"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": ":to<someone/something>/ :of / :for <for something>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with to ‘someone/something’ or of or for ‘for something’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "for ‘for something’"
            ],
            "words": [
              "to",
              "‘someone/something’",
              "of"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "express",
          "express"
        ],
        [
          "gratitude",
          "gratitude"
        ],
        [
          "give",
          "give"
        ],
        [
          "thank",
          "thank"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) To express gratitude; to give thanks [with to ‘someone/something’ or of or for ‘for something’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English ditransitive verbs",
        "Middle English terms with quotations",
        "Middle English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Then I thanked Thought for all of what he told me, / [and said] \"your comments didn't satisfy me; I want to learn / how Do-well, Do-better, and Do-best do among the people.\"",
          "ref": "c. 1378-9, [William Langland], “Paſſ᷒ vııȷ᷒ de visione ⁊ prımus de Dowel”, in [Piers Plowman, A Treatise on Sin] (W, B-text), London, published c. 1400, →OCLC, folio 46, verso; republished as Thorlac Turville-Petre, Hoyt N. Duggan, editors, Cambridge, Trinity College, MS B.15.17 (The Piers Plowman Electronic Archive; 2), SEENET, 2014, →ISBN:",
          "text": "¶ I þonked þoȝt þo. þᵗ he me þus tauȝte / Ac yet ſauoꝛeþ me noȝt þı seying. I coueıte to lerne / How dowel. dobet. and dobeſt. doon among þe peple",
          "translation": "Then I thanked Thought for all of what he told me, / [and said] \"your comments didn't satisfy me; I want to learn / how Do-well, Do-better, and Do-best do among the people.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To thank; to express gratitude to."
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": ":of / :for / indirobj<for something>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with of or for or indirect object ‘for something’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "of",
              "for",
              "indirect",
              "object",
              "‘for",
              "something’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thank",
          "thank"
        ],
        [
          "express",
          "express"
        ],
        [
          "gratitude",
          "gratitude"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive or ditransitive) To thank; to express gratitude to. [with of or for or indirect object ‘for something’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ditransitive",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with uncommon senses",
        "Middle English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To celebrate or rejoice with."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "celebrate",
          "celebrate"
        ],
        [
          "rejoice",
          "rejoice"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, uncommon) To celebrate or rejoice with."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive",
        "uncommon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses",
        "Middle English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hold responsible; to attribute to."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hold",
          "hold"
        ],
        [
          "responsible",
          "responsible"
        ],
        [
          "attribute",
          "attribute"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, rare) To hold responsible; to attribute to."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses",
        "Middle English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To laud, commend, or praise."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "laud",
          "laud"
        ],
        [
          "commend",
          "commend"
        ],
        [
          "praise",
          "praise"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, rare) To laud, commend, or praise."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθankən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈθɔnkən/",
      "note": "East Saxon, West Midland"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈðɔnkən/",
      "note": "Southwest Midland"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈðɔnkiː/",
      "tags": [
        "Kent",
        "Southern"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Middle English phonology#Homorganic lengthening"
  ],
  "word": "thanken"
}